What is a Powered Light Vehicle?

‘Powered Light Vehicles’ includes all L-Category models, which are classified as shown below. We’ve introduced this all-encompassing term to help build awareness and understanding of the wide variety of innovative mobility solutions this category offers - and the exciting opportunities for a sustainable, zero emission lightweight transport future. 

L-Category Description Typical use

L0

A new category?

Zemo Partnership and the MCIA propose creating a new category for lower-powered, light electric mopeds.
We are also suggesting a new category for ‘e-step scooters’, bringing them into the current regulatory framework to ensure their safe design and durability.

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L1

Light two-wheel powered cycles, including mopeds

L1 includes light two-wheel vehicles with pedals and a power output up to 1,000 watts, with power assist cut off at 15.5 mph.

Mopeds with up to 4kW alternative power and a top speed of 28mph are also included. The rider must wear a helmet.

E-bicycles of 250w or less are not L-Category.

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L2

Three-wheel mopeds

L2 vehicles typically have three wheels, one or two seats, a running mass of up to 270kg and up to 4kW alternative power.

The maximum speed is 28 mph.

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L3

Two-wheel motorcycles

L3 vehicles, or motorcycles, are by far the most common L-Category, also referred to as PTWs. These are sub-divided into 3 main groups, defined by power output and licence requirements.

Riders are tested relative to vehicle power and their age and must wear a helmet.

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L4

Two-wheel motorcycles with sidecar

These are L3 vehicles fitted with a sidecar. Vehicles supplied for the UK must have the sidecar fitted to the kerb side of vehicle.

 Leisure

L5

Powered tricycles

L5 three-wheel vehicles share many characteristics with L2 vehicles - but have power in excess of 4kW and top speeds above 28 mph.

They can have a maximum of five seats, a mass in running order up to 1,000kg and be enclosed or open.

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L6

Light quadricycles

L6 vehicles have four wheels and no more than two seats.

Their power is capped at 6kW, top speed 28 mph and their running mass is limited to 425kg. They can be enclosed or open.

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L7

Heavy quadricycles

L7 vehicles feature four wheels, an enclosed passenger area and a maximum power of 15kW. They can have up to four seats, or two seats plus a cargo area.

Top speed is limited to 56 mph.

Drivers need a full car licence in the UK.

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